Drugs Rx Guide

INDICATIONS

Theophylline is designated for processing signs and the revertive obstruction of an air current connected to a chronic asthma and other chronic illnesses of a lung, for example, by an emphysema and a chronic bronchitis.

ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE

General Considerations

Theophylline distributes badly in a body fat, therefore, the dose of mg / kg should be designed on the basis of theoretical weight of a body.

In it is acute bad patients, serum concentrations of theophylline should be checked through short intervals, for example, each 24 hours. If signs of the patient - the controlled well, are not present any allowable adverse effects, and any elapsed factors which could change necessary conditions of dosage, serum concentrations of theophylline should be checked in intervals of 6 months quickly to bring up children and in annual intervals for all others.

Suppliers of health protection should instruct patients and giving cares to terminate any dosage which invokes adverse effects, to refuse in treatment while these signs have not left and then to iterate therapy in lower, preliminarily born dosage. Closing adjustment of dosage should cope serum gauging of concentration of theophylline. Augmentations of a dose should be made only, if the previous dosage - the born well and with interspaces in any it is less than 3 days to allow serum to concentrations of theophylline to reach a new stationary state. Short-term adverse effects similar to methyl theobromine and excessive serum in sluggish metabolizers can be avoided concentrations in the majority of patients, since enough low dose and sluggishly increasing a dose if to be estimated it is clinically designated, in small increments.

The dose of theophylline should be individualized on the basis of peak serum values of concentration of theophylline to reach a dose which will provide maximal potential advantage with minimum risk of adverse effects.The dose of 900 mg / d in adults <60 years or 22 mg /kg/d in children of 1-9 years, stationary peak serum concentration of theophylline will be <10 mcg/ml approximately in 30 % of patients, 10-20 mcg/ml approximately in 50 % and 20-30 mcg/ml approximately in 20 % of patients. The administration of a middle dose of the theophylline, required to reach therapeutic serum concentration of theophylline in the given aggregate can result to or therapeutic or potentially toxic serum to concentrations of theophylline in individual patients. For the given aggregate there is no unique dose of theophylline which will provide both safe and efficient serum concentrations for all patients. The marked individual differences in norm of a clearance of theophylline, a dose, required to reach peak serum concentration of theophylline at 10-20 ranges a mcg/ml variate quadruple among differently similar patients in absence of the factors known to change a clearance of theophylline (for example., 400-1600 mg / days in adults <60-years and 10-36 mg /kg/d in children 1-9 years old). Stationary peak serum concentration of theophylline - function of a dose, an interval of dosing, and norm of absorption of theophylline and a clearance in the individual patient.